The integral apparatus is a mode of text presentation incorporating variance into the invariant context. Conceptually, the idea of the integral apparatus–whatever its actual design–has gone beyond the notion of the apparatus as a textual and typographical adjunct to the edited text of a scholarly edition. Instead, the integral apparatus is, or represents, the text itself as multilayered, multiple factored, and multiply generated. It is the text that literary theory today recognizes as emanating from authorial writing and from socially and culturally conditioned transmission.